How Operating Conditions Influence Glass Heater Design Choices

https://industrial-heater-world.evercolumn.com/posts/what-makes-a-silicone-heater-suitable-for-curved-surfaces

In camera windows, a glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a glass panel combined with a conductive heating layer or heater element. One useful trait is anti-fog capability. Still, thermal stress can change the result